See folie in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "folily"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "folly"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "folly"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "foly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "folie"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French folie",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1230",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in c. 1230",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fol",
"3": "-ie",
"id1": "fool",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "fool"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French folie; first attested in c. 1230 and by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ffoly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ffolye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "folye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foolie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "folies"
},
"expansion": "folie (plural folies)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 17 17 10 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Folly, idiocy; thoughtless behaviour:",
"A folly, mistake, or ill-advised idea."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-noun-e5oPVU3D",
"links": [
[
"Folly",
"folly"
],
[
"idiocy",
"idiocy"
],
[
"thoughtless",
"thoughtless"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"folly",
"folly"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"ill-advised",
"ill-advised"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 3 7 14 25 16 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 17 17 10 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Folly, idiocy; thoughtless behaviour:",
"A incorrect or useless comment; rubbish."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-noun-6SLWrjty",
"links": [
[
"Folly",
"folly"
],
[
"idiocy",
"idiocy"
],
[
"thoughtless",
"thoughtless"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
],
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"comment",
"comment"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 16 10 10 28 12 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sexuality",
"orig": "enm:Sexuality",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 17 17 10 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sinfulness, wrongdoing:",
"Sexual misconduct or impropriety; lewdness."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-noun-TJfLrYMC",
"links": [
[
"Sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
],
[
"Sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"misconduct",
"misconduct"
],
[
"impropriety",
"impropriety"
],
[
"lewdness",
"lewdness"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 17 17 10 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sinfulness, wrongdoing:",
"Injury, damage; the act of harming."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-noun-bdMT7E8v",
"links": [
[
"Sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
],
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 10 10 15 13 52",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anger",
"orig": "enm:Anger",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Frenzied insanity; a mad rage."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-noun-DBkAaIW4",
"links": [
[
"Frenzied",
"frenzied"
],
[
"insanity",
"insanity"
],
[
"mad",
"mad"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/foːˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoːliː(ə)/",
"note": "influenced by fole"
}
],
"word": "folie"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "folie"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French folie",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1230",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in c. 1230",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fol",
"3": "-ie",
"id1": "fool",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "fool"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French folie; first attested in c. 1230 and by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ffoly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ffolye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "folye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foolie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 6 14 15 15 12 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "enm:Thinking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Idiotic, stupid; lacking thought."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-adj-Q2sfQH36",
"links": [
[
"Idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 54 4 14 11 6 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Immoral, malicious; lacking morality."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-adj-ECwkC31r",
"links": [
[
"Immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"morality",
"morality"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 11 15 15 18 17 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 17 17 17 10 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lewd, perverse; sexually immoral."
],
"id": "en-folie-enm-adj-xdIQdyio",
"links": [
[
"Lewd",
"lewd"
],
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
],
[
"sexually",
"sexually"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/foːˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoːliː(ə)/",
"note": "influenced by fole"
}
],
"word": "folie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Anger",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Sexuality",
"enm:Talking",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "folily"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "folly"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "folly"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "foly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "folie"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French folie",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1230",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in c. 1230",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fol",
"3": "-ie",
"id1": "fool",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "fool"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French folie; first attested in c. 1230 and by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "folies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ffoly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ffolye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "folye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foolie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "folies"
},
"expansion": "folie (plural folies)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Folly, idiocy; thoughtless behaviour:",
"A folly, mistake, or ill-advised idea."
],
"links": [
[
"Folly",
"folly"
],
[
"idiocy",
"idiocy"
],
[
"thoughtless",
"thoughtless"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"folly",
"folly"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"ill-advised",
"ill-advised"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Folly, idiocy; thoughtless behaviour:",
"A incorrect or useless comment; rubbish."
],
"links": [
[
"Folly",
"folly"
],
[
"idiocy",
"idiocy"
],
[
"thoughtless",
"thoughtless"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
],
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect"
],
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"comment",
"comment"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Sinfulness, wrongdoing:",
"Sexual misconduct or impropriety; lewdness."
],
"links": [
[
"Sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
],
[
"Sexual",
"sexual"
],
[
"misconduct",
"misconduct"
],
[
"impropriety",
"impropriety"
],
[
"lewdness",
"lewdness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Sinfulness, wrongdoing:",
"Injury, damage; the act of harming."
],
"links": [
[
"Sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"wrongdoing",
"wrongdoing"
],
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Frenzied insanity; a mad rage."
],
"links": [
[
"Frenzied",
"frenzied"
],
[
"insanity",
"insanity"
],
[
"mad",
"mad"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/foːˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoːliː(ə)/",
"note": "influenced by fole"
}
],
"word": "folie"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ie",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Anger",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Sexuality",
"enm:Talking",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "folie"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French folie",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1230",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "first attested in c. 1230",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fol",
"3": "-ie",
"id1": "fool",
"nocap": "1",
"t1": "fool"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French folie; first attested in c. 1230 and by surface analysis, fol (“fool”) + -ie.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ffoly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ffolye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "folye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooli",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "foolie",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fooly",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "folie",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Idiotic, stupid; lacking thought."
],
"links": [
[
"Idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"stupid",
"stupid"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"thought",
"thought"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Immoral, malicious; lacking morality."
],
"links": [
[
"Immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"morality",
"morality"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lewd, perverse; sexually immoral."
],
"links": [
[
"Lewd",
"lewd"
],
[
"perverse",
"perverse"
],
[
"sexually",
"sexually"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɔˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/foːˈliː(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfoːliː(ə)/",
"note": "influenced by fole"
}
],
"word": "folie"
}
Download raw JSONL data for folie meaning in Middle English (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.